Effect of valproic acid and zebularine on SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 gene expression in colon carcinoma SW48 cell line
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-42-no-3.15113Ключові слова:
colon carcinoma, SOCS-1, SOCS-3, valproic acid, zebularineАнотація
Summary. Background: Two epigenetic modifications such as histone acetylation and DNA methylation have been known as critical players of gene regulation. Hypermethylation and deacetylation of suppressors of cytokine signaling family SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 have been shown in many solid cancers. Previously, we evaluated the effect of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine and valproic acid on hepatocellular carcinoma and colon cancer cells. Aim: The present study was designed to assess the effect of valproic acid in comparison to zebularine on SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 gene expression, cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in colon carcinoma SW48 cell line. Materials and Methods: SW48 cells were treated with valproic acid or zebularine for 24 h and 48 h. The effect of the compounds on cell viability, SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 gene expression, and apoptosis induction was evaluated. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis and flow cytometry were applied. Results: Both agents inhibited cell growth in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. The apoptotic effect was observed in cells treated with valproic acid (7.5 μM) but not zebularine (75 μM). The valproic acid but not zebularine upregulated SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 gene expression. Conclusion: Epigenetic modulation can reactivate silenced tumor suppressor genes SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 through histone acetylation resulting in apoptosis induction.
Посилання
Bannister AJ, Kouzarides T. Regulation of chromatin by histone modifications. Cell Res 2011; 21: 381–5.
Rountree MR, Bachman KE, Herman JG, et al. DNA methylation, chromatin inheritance, and cancer. Oncogene 2001; 20: 3156–65.
Chamani F, Sadeghizadeh M, Masoumi M, et al. Evaluation of miR-34 family and DNA methyltransferases 1, 3A, 3B gene expression levels in hepatocellular carcinoma following treatment with dendrosomalnanocurcumin. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17: 219–24.
Kim M-H, Kim M-S, Kim W, et al. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) genes are silenced by DNA hypermethylation and histone deacetylation and regulate response to radiotherapy in cervical cancer cells. PLoS One 2015; 10: e0123133.
Puhr M, Santer FR, Neuwirt H, et al. Down-regulation of suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 causes prostate cancer cell death through activation of the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways. Cancer Res 2009; 69: 7375–84.
Fujitake S, Hibi K, Okochi O, et al. Aberrant methylation of SOCS-1 was observed in younger colorectal cancer patients. J Gastroenterol 2004; 39: 120–4.
Kang X-C, Chen M-l, Yang F, et al. Promoter methylation and expression of SOCS-1 affect clinical outcome and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 80: 23–9.
Okochi O, Hibi K, Sakai M, et al. Methylation-mediated silencing of SOCS-1 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma derived from cirrhosis. Clin Cancer Res 2003; 9: 5295–8.
Komazaki T, Nagai H, Emi M, et al. Hypermethylation-associated inactivation of the SOCS-1 gene, a JAK/STAT inhibitor, in human pancreatic cancers. Jap J Clin Oncol 2004; 34: 191–4.
Niwa Y, Kanda H, Shikauchi Y, et al. Methylation silencing of SOCS-3 promotes cell growth and migration by enhancing JAK/STAT and FAK signalings in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2005; 24: 6406–17.
Weber A, Hengge UR, Bardenheuer W, et al. SOCS-3 is frequently methylated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its precursor lesions and causes growth inhibition. Oncogene 2005; 24: 6699–708.
Zhang X, You Q, Zhang X, et al. SOCS-3 methylation predicts a poor prognosis in HBV infection-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16: 22662–75.
Li Y, Deuring J, Peppelenbosch MP, et al. IL-6-induced DNMT1 activity mediates SOCS-3 promoter hypermethylation in ulcerative colitis-related colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33: 1889–96.
Xiong H, Du W, Zhang YJ, et al. Trichostatin A, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, suppresses JAK2/STAT3 signaling via inducing the promoter-associated histone acetylation of SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 in human colorectal cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2012; 51: 174–84.
Lyko F, Brown R. DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and the development of epigenetic cancer therapies. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005; 97: 1498–506.
Cheng JC, Weisenberger DJ, Gonzales FA, et al. Continuous zebularine treatment effectively sustains demethylation in human bladder cancer cells. Mol Cell Biol 2004; 24: 1270–8.
Nakamura K, Nakabayashi K, Aung KH, et al. DNA methyltransferase inhibitor zebularine induces human cholangiocarcinoma cell death through alteration of DNA methylation status. PLoS One 2015; 10: e0120545.
Xu SB, Liu XH, Li BH, et al. DNA methylation regulates constitutive expression of Stat6 regulatory genes SOCS-1 and SHP-1 in colon cancer cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2009; 135: 1791–8.
Liu XH, Xu SB, Yuan J, et al. Defective interleukin-4/Stat6 activity correlates with increased constitutive expression of negative regulators SOCS-3, SOCS-7, and CISH in colon cancer cells. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2009; 29: 809–16.
Jones J, Bentas W, Blaheta RA, et al. Modulation of adhesion and growth of colon and pancreatic cancer cells by the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid. Int J Mol Med 2008; 22: 293–9.
Thelen P, Schweyer S, Hemmerlein B, et al. Expressional changes after histone deacetylase inhibition by valproic acid in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2004; 24: 25–31.
Gao S-m, Chen C-q, Wang L-y, et al. Histone deacetylases inhibitor sodium butyrate inhibits JAK2/STAT signaling through upregulation of SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 mediated by HDAC8 inhibition in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Exp Hematol 2013; 41: 261–70.e4.
Sanaei M, Kavoosi F. Effects of 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine and valproic acid on epigenetic-modifying DNMT1 gene expression, apoptosis induction and cell viability in hepatocellular carcinoma WCH-17 cell line. Iran J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2019; 9: 83–90.
Sanaei M, Kavoosi F, Mansoori O. Effect of valproic acid in comparison with vorinostat on cell growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in the human colon cancer SW48 cells in vitro. Exp Oncol 2018; 40: 95–100.
Sanaei M, Kavoosi F, Roustazadeh A, et al. In vitro effect of the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid on viability and apoptosis of the PLC/PRF5 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19: 2507–10.
Sanaei M, Kavoosi F, Roustazadeh A, et al. Effect of genistein in comparison with trichostatin A on reactivation of DNMTs genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2018; 6: 141–6.
Sutherland KD, Lindeman GJ, Choong DY, et al. Differential hypermethylation of SOCS genes in ovarian and breast carcinomas. Oncogene 2004; 23: 7726–33.
Sugimura T, Ushijima T. Genetic and epigenetic alterations in carcinogenesis. Mutat Res 2000; 462: 235–46.
Martin J, Dufour J-F. Tumor suppressor and hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14: 1720–33.
Inagaki-Ohara K, Kondo T, Ito M, et al. SOCS, inflammation, and cancer. JAKSTAT 2013; 2: e24053.
Wei X, Wang G, Li W, et al. Activation of the JAK-STAT3 pathway is associated with the growth of colorectal carcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 2014; 31: 335–41.
Rigby R, Simmons J, Greenhalgh C, et al. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS-3) limits damage-induced crypt hyper-proliferation and inflammation-associated tumorigenesis in the colon. Oncogene 2007; 26: 4833–41.
Trengove MC, Ward AC. SOCS proteins in development and disease. Am J Clin Exp Immunol 2013; 2: 1–29.
Evans M, Yu C, Lohani A, et al. Expression of SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 genes is differentially regulated in breast cancer cells in response to proinflammatory cytokine and growth factor signals. Oncogene 2007; 26: 1941–8.
Billam M, Sobolewski MD, Davidson NE. Effects of a novel DNA methyltransferase inhibitor zebularine on human breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2010; 120: 581–92.
Napso T, Fares F. Zebularine induces prolonged apoptosis effects via the caspase-3/PARP pathway in head and neck cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2014; 44: 1971–9.
Sanaei M, Kavoosi F. Investigation of the effect of zebularine in comparison to and in combination with trichostatin A on p21Cip1/Waf1/ Sdi1, p27Kip1, p57Kip2, DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases in colon cancer LS 180 cell line. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21: 1819–28.
Agnieszka G, Zenon J, Sylwia F. DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and their emerging role in epigenetic therapy of cancer. Anticancer Res 2013; 33: 2989–96.
Pei-Ming Y, Yi-Ting L, Chia-Tung S, et al. Zebularine inhibits tumorigenesis and stemness of colorectal cancer via p53-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress. Sci Rep 2013; 3: 647–52.
##submission.downloads##
Опубліковано
Як цитувати
Номер
Розділ
Ліцензія
Авторське право (c) 2023 Експериментальна онкологія
Ця робота ліцензується відповідно до Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
