Long-term exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation and COVID-19 pandemic: oncohematological aspects
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-43-no-2.16434Keywords:
COVID-19, ionizing radiation, neoplasms of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissuesAbstract
Summary. For more than 35 years after Chornobyl catastrophe, about 5 million people in Ukraine, Republic of Belarus and Russian Federation inhabit the territories that are residually contaminated with long-lived radionuclides such as 137Cs, 90Sr. The previous studies of the Reference Laboratory operating at RE Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology allowed specifying the effects of the protracted low dose irradiation on the state of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues resulting in the increased proportion of the B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma and acute myeloid leukemia among the patients referred from the contaminated areas of Ukraine. Since the beginning of 2020, these effects of radiation were superimposed by the factors associated with COVID-19 pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with the significant impact on hematopoiesis and immune system. Particular attention should be given to the role of such combined burden in the development of the immunodeficiency-associated lymphoid neoplasms. The extensive studies of the combined effects of low dose irradiation and COVID-19 within the large affected populations could be made a priority in future endeavors of epidemiologists and oncohematologists.
References
30 Years of Chernobyl catastrophe. Radiological and medical consequences. National Report of Ukraine. Кyiv: National Scientific Center of Radiation medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, 2016. 177 p. (in Ukrainian).
Prisyazhniuk A, Gristchenko V, Zakordonets V, et al. The time trends of cancer incidence in the most contaminated regions of the Ukraine before and after the Chernobyl accident. Radiat Environ Biophys 1995; 34: 3–6.
Noshchenko AG, Moysich KB, Bondar A, et al. Patterns of acute leukaemia occurrence among children in the Chernobyl region. Int J Epidemiol 2001; 30: 125–9.
Koval SV, Gluzman DF, Sklyarenko LM, et al. Hematological malignancies in Ukraine in post-Chernobyl era: sources of data and their preliminary analysis. Ann Hematol 2020; 99: 1543–50.
Health effects of the Chernobyl accident and special health care programmes. Bennett B, Repacholi M, Carr Z (eds). World Health Organization, Geneva, 2006. 160 p.
International Consortium for Research on the Health Effects of Radiation Writing Committee and Study Team; Davis S, Day RW, et al. Childhood leukaemia in Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine following the Chernobyl power station accident: results from an international collaborative population-based case-control study. Int J Epidemiol 2006; 35: 386–96.
Richardson DB, Wing S, Schroeder J, et al. Ionizing radiation and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Environ Health Perspect 2005; 113: 1–5.
Schubauer-Berigan MK, Daniels RD, Fleming DA, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and radiation: findings among workers at five US nuclear facilities and a review of the recent literature. Br J Haematol 2007; 139: 799–808.
Gluzman DF, Zavelevich MP, Philchenkov AA, et al. Immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders and lymphoid neoplasms in post-COVID-19 pandemic era. Exp Oncol 2021; 43: 87–91.
Rios CI, Cassatt DR, Hollingsworth BA, et al. Commonalities between COVID-19 and radiation injury. Radiat Res 2021; 195: 1–24.
Gale RP. Perspective: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and haematologists. Acta Haematol 2021; 144: 117–21.
Cheung CKM, Law MF, Lui GCY, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A haematologist’s perspective. Acta Haematol 2021; 144: 10–23.
Kervevan J, Chakrabarti LA. Role of CD4+ T cells in the control of viral infections: recent advances and open questions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22: 523.
Fan BE, Chong VCL, Chan SSW, et al. Hematologic parameters in patients with COVID-19 infection. Am J Hematol 2020; 95: E131–4.
Liu Z, Long W, Tu M, et al. Lymphocyte subset (CD4+, CD8+) counts reflect the severity of infection and predict the clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. J Infect 2020; 81: 318–56.
Liu J, Li S, Liu J, et al. Longitudinal characteristics of lymphocyte responses and cytokine profiles in the peripheral blood of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. EBioMedicine 2020; 55: 102763.
Wang K, Chen W, Zhang Z, et al. CD147-spike protein is a novel route for SARS-CoV-2 infection to host cells. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5: 283.
Zheng M, Gao Y, Wang G, et al. Functional exhaustion of antiviral lymphocytes in COVID-19 patients. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 17: 533–5.
Foldes D, Hinton R, Arami S, Bain BJ. Plasmacytoid lymphocytes in SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19). Am J Hematol 2020; 95: 861–2.
Henry BM, de Oliveira MHS, Benoit S, et al. Hematologic, biochemical and immune biomarker abnormalities associated with severe illness and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a meta-analysis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 58: 1021–8.
Lippi G, Plebani M, Henry BM. Thrombocytopenia is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections: A meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 506: 145–8.
Xu P, Zhou Q, Xu J. Mechanism of thrombocytopenia in COVID-19 patients. Ann Hematol 2020; 99: 1205–8.
Mehta P, McAuley DF, Brown M, et al. COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression. Lancet 2020; 395: 1033–4.
Liang Y, Wang ML, Chien CS, et al. Highlight of immune pathogenic response and hematopathologic effect in SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-Cov-2 infection. Front Immunol 2020; 11: 1022.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Experimental Oncology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
